The Cleanliness Edit (Part 2)

Bathing, intimate care, nail & hair care are hygiene habits worth revisiting

Personal cleanliness is not just about looking good — it plays a vital role in preventing infections, maintaining confidence, and improving emotional wellbeing. As we grow older, our skin changes, sweat glands function differently, and we may perspire less or, in some cases, experience stronger body odours due to medication, diet, or slower metabolism.

Of course, when we are sick, ailing, tired and exhausted, we tend to put self- care on the back burner. But it is these tiny things that literally refresh your body and mind.

Here’s what science and doctors say about how often to bathe, and how to manage intimate hygiene and odours effectively and gently.

Bathing Frequency

How often:

• In warm or humid Indian climates: Once or twice daily is ideal
• In cooler weather: Every 2 days may suffice, with daily washing of underarms, groin, and feet

Why:
Dermatologists note that ageing skin loses its natural oils, making it more prone to dryness and irritation. Over-bathing — especially with harsh soaps — can strip the skin of protective oils and lead to itching or flakiness.
A study in the Journal of Clinical Dermatology found that gentle cleansing every 1–2 days, using lukewarm water and mild pH-balanced cleansers, helps maintain skin barrier health in older adults.

Tips:

• Use lukewarm water, not hot.
• Choose soap-free or moisturising cleansers.
• After bathing, pat skin dry and apply a light, fragrance-free moisturiser within 5 minutes.
• In summer, adding a few drops of lavender oil to bath water provides mild antimicrobial benefits.

 Intimate Care for Seniors

Why it matters:
With age, hormonal changes can affect skin pH, leading to dryness or irritation in intimate areas. Poor hygiene can increase the risk of infections such as fungal or urinary tract infections (UTIs), especially in women and those with diabetes.

Key science-backed advice:

• Wash the intimate area once daily with plain water or a pH-balanced intimate wash (avoid ordinary soap).
• Always wipe front to back after using the toilet to avoid spreading bacteria.
• Cotton underwear is best — it allows ventilation and absorbs moisture.
• Change underwear daily and after exercise or sweating.
• For men, regular gentle cleaning under the foreskin (if applicable) helps prevent smegma* build-up and infection.

*a sebaeceous secretion in the folds of the skin, especially under a man’s foreskin or around a woman’s clitoris and labia

 “Senior women often experience dryness or irritation due to low oestrogen. Using a mild, pH-balanced cleanser and keeping the area dry prevents both discomfort and infections,”
— Dr. Rachna Patel, Gynaecologist, Pune.

Managing Body Odour

Body odour is natural — it comes from sweat mixing with skin bacteria. However, some medications, foods (like garlic, onions, or spicy curries), or health conditions (such as diabetes or liver problems) can intensify it.

Simple science-based ways to manage it:

• Bathe daily in humid weather.
• Use a gentle antibacterial soap on armpits, feet, and groin.
• Apply a mild deodorant or alum-based natural deodoriser if skin tolerates it.
• Keep underarms and body folds dry — moisture encourages bacterial growth.
• Wear clean, breathable cotton clothing, especially undergarments.

Note:
If you notice a sudden change in body odour, consult a doctor — sometimes, strong or “sweet” odours may indicate underlying conditions such as diabetes or liver disease.

Clothing and Odour Control

Clothing can trap sweat, oils, and bacteria, causing lingering smells even after washing. This can be more noticeable for seniors who perspire less but whose clothes remain damp in humid climates.

Tips to prevent clothing odours:

• Wash innerwear and socks after every use.
• Wash shirts, blouses, and nightwear after 1–2 wears, especially in warm weather.
• Sun-dry clothes whenever possible — UV light naturally kills bacteria.
• For stubborn odours, soak clothes in a mild vinegar or baking soda solution before washing.
• Avoid using too much detergent or softener — residue can trap odours instead of removing them.

A Word on Fragrances and Sprays

While deodorants and perfumes can mask odours, heavy use may irritate senior skin or cause allergies. A light, non-alcoholic spray or natural essential oil mist (such as lavender, neroli or sandalwood) can offer a fresher feel without irritation.

Your Overall Hygeine Routine 

Cleanliness for seniors isn’t just about hygiene — it’s also about comfort, confidence, and dignity. With a few mindful habits like regular airing, gentle cleansing, and smart laundering, you can stay feeling fresh and healthy from head to toe.

Hair and Nail Care

 The overlooked essentials of senior hygiene

As we age, our hair and nails go through many subtle changes — they may become thinner, drier, or more brittle. Yet maintaining them properly isn’t just about appearance; it’s also about health, comfort, and preventing infection.

Here’s what doctors and research say about how often seniors should wash, trim, and care for their hair and nails — and why it matters.

Hair Care for Seniors

How often to wash:

• In warm/humid climates: 2–3 times a week
• In cooler or drier areas: Once or twice a week

Why:
As we age, our scalp produces less sebum (natural oil), leading to dryness and itchiness. Over washing can worsen this dryness, while infrequent washing can lead to dandruff, oil build-up, and odour.
Dermatologists recommend mild, sulphate-free shampoos that cleanse without stripping moisture.

Science says:
A study in the Journal of Dermatological Science shows that gentle scalp cleansing helps maintain the skin barrier and prevents microbial overgrowth that can lead to dandruff or itching.

Tips for senior-friendly hair care:

• Use lukewarm water for washing — hot water can irritate the scalp.
• Apply a light oil (such as coconut, almond, or argan) 1–2 times a week before shampooing to reduce dryness.
• Conditioners or leave-in serums help soften coarse or grey hair, which tends to be drier.
• Comb gently with a wide-toothed comb to avoid breakage.
• Air-dry naturally — avoid very hot dryers.
• For seniors who are bed-bound or less mobile, dry shampoo or medicated wipes can help keep the scalp fresh between washes.

When to seek help:
If you notice excessive hair loss, persistent dandruff, or itching, consult a dermatologist — sometimes these are signs of scalp infections, nutritional deficiencies, or thyroid issues.

Nail Care:

Nails often become thicker, slower-growing, or brittle with age. In seniors — especially those with diabetes, poor circulation, or arthritis — nail hygiene is vital to prevent infections and discomfort.

How often to trim:

• Fingernails: Every 1–2 weeks
• Toenails: Every 3–4 weeks

Why:
Long or jagged nails can trap dirt and bacteria, leading to fungal or bacterial infections. Toenails that grow too long or thick can press against shoes and cause pain or ingrown nails.

 “Foot and nail infections are common in elderly patients, especially those with diabetes. Regular trimming and inspection can prevent complications,”
— Dr. Rohit Naidu, Podiatrist, Bengaluru.

Safe Nail-Care Practices for Seniors

• Soften nails first by soaking in warm water for 5–10 minutes before trimming.
• Use clean, disinfected nail clippers — not scissors.
• Trim nails straight across (especially toenails) to avoid ingrown edges.
• Moisturise hands, feet, and cuticles regularly to prevent cracking.
• Keep nails short and smooth to reduce bacterial build up.
• Avoid nail polish or artificial nails if nails are brittle or infected.
• If vision or mobility is limited, ask a family member, nurse, or salon professional to help with trimming.

For diabetic seniors:
Avoid self-cutting if you have reduced foot sensation. Instead, have nails trimmed by a podiatrist or trained nurse to prevent injuries and infections.

Preventing Hair and Nail Odour or Infection

• Fungal infections in nails (onychomycosis) or scalp (tinea capitis) can cause odour or discolouration.
• Keep nails clean and dry — moisture is the main trigger for fungal growth.
• Air footwear daily, and wear breathable cotton socks.
• Disinfect combs and hairbrushes weekly by soaking them in warm water with a few drops of Dettol or vinegar.
• Replace hairbrushes every 6–12 months or sooner if bristles break.

Hair and Nail Hygiene Quick Guide for Seniors

Clean, well-cared-for hair and nails aren’t just aesthetic — they reflect overall hygiene, circulation, and self-care.
For seniors, this routine can prevent infections, improve comfort, and boost confidence.

“Hygiene is a form of self-care. It’s not about vanity — it’s about respecting your body and protecting your health.”
— Dr. Meenakshi Rao, Geriatric Specialist, Chennai.